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It is well known that teenage boys tend to do better at math than girls, that male high sc

hool students are more likely 【26】______ their female counterparts to tackle advanced math courses like calculus, that 【27】______ all the great mathematicians have been men. Are women born with 【28】______ mathematical ability？ Or does society's sexism 【29】______ their progress？ In 1980, two Johns Hopkins University researchers tried to 【30】______ the eternal nature/nurture debate. Julian Stanley and Camilla Benbow have 【31】______ 10,000 talented seventh and eighth 【32】______ between 1972 and 1979. Using the Scholastic Aptitude Test, 【33】______ math questions are meant to measure ability rather than knowledge, they discovered 【34】______ sex differences. 【35】______ the verbal abilities of the males and females 【36】______ differed, twice as 【37】______ boys as girls scored over 500 (on a scale of 200 to 800) on mathematical ability; at the 700 level, the ratio was 14 【38】______ l. The conclusion: males have 【39】______ superior mathematical reasoning ability. Benbow and Stanley's findings, 【40】______ were published in "Science", 【41】______ some men and women. Now there is comfort for those people in a new study from the University of Chicago that suggests math is not, after all, a natural male 【42】______ Prof. Zalman Usiskin studied 1,366 high school students. They were selected from geometry classes and tested 【43】______ their ability to solve geometry proofs, a subject requiring 【44】______ abstract reasoning and spatial ability. The conclusion 【45】______ by Usiskin: there are no sex differences in math ability.

【26】

A．and

B．than

C．with

D．on

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更多“It is well known that teenage …”相关的问题

第1题

The strange close understanding between twins is a familiar enough phenomenon. Often they

seem to understand each other and share each other' s emotions to such an extent that one suspects some kinds of thought communication.

What is not so widely known is that this special relationship often acts as brake on twins' intellectual development. As they are partly isolated in their own private world, twins communicate less with adults than do other children. The verbal ability of a four-year-old twin is typically six months behind that of a non-twin. The problem can be particularly severe in a deprived home, a one-parent family for example, where there is little stimulation for children anyway.

Such children, while capable of mutual comprehension in a private language, often remain in comprehensible to outsiders and thus at a severe educational disadvantage. The only solution to the problem, cruel though it may seem, is to separate the twins thus forcing them to acquire ordinary speech helped and guided by sympathetic parents and teachers.

Many people don' t know that ______.

A．twins understand each other very well

B．twins are slow to learn to talk

C．twins are unlikely to do less well at school than other children

D．there exists more communication between twins

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第2题

Martin Luther King, Jr., is well known for his work in civil rights and for his many famou

s speeches, among them his moving "I Have A Dream" speech. But fewer people know much about King's childhood. M. L., as he was called, was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia, at the home of his maternal grandfather. M.L.'s grandfather, the Reverend A. D. Williams, purchased their home on Auburn Avenue in 1909, 20 years before M. L. was born. The Reverend Williams, an eloquent speaker, played an important role in the community since so many people's lives centered around the church. He allowed his church and his home to be used as a meeting place for a number of organizations dedicated to the education and social advancement of blacks. M.L. grew up in this atmosphere, with his home being used as a community gathering place, and was no doubt influenced by it.

M. L.'s childhood was not especially eventful. His father was a minister and his mother was a musician. He was the second of three children, and he attended all-black schools in a black neighborhood. The neighborhood was not poor, however. Auburn Avenue was the main artery through a prosperous neighborhood that had come to symbolize achievement for Atlanta's black people. It was an area of banks, insurance companies, builders, jewelers, tailors, doctors, lawyers and other black-owned or black-operated businesses and services. Even in the face of Atlanta's segregation, the district thrived. Dr. King never forgot the community spirit he had known as a child, nor did he forget the racial prejudice that was a seemingly insurmountable barrier that kept black Atlantans from mingling with whites.

What is this passage mainly about？

A．The prejudice that existed in Atlanta.

B．Martin Luther King's childhood.

C．M. L.'s grandfather.

D．The neighborhood King grew up in.

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第3题

Watercolor is the oldest painting medium known. It dates back to the early cave dwellers '

who discovered they could add lifelike qualities to drawings of animals and other figures on the walls of caves by mixing the natural colors found in the earth with water.

Fresco, one of the greatest of all art forms, is done with watercolor. It is created by mixing pigments and water and applying these to wet plaster. Of the thousands of people who stand under Michelangelo's heroic ceiling in the Sistine Chapel, very few are aware that they are looking at perhaps the greatest watercolor painting in the world.

The invention of oil painting by the Flemish masters in the fifteenth century led to a decline in fresco painting, and for the next several centuries watercolor was used mainly as a medium for doing preliminary sketches or as a tool for study. It was not until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that English painters reinstated watercolor as a serious art form. The English have a notorious love for the outdoors and also great fondness for small, intimate pictures. The subdued tones of watercolor had a remarkably strong appeal for them.

The popularity of watercolor continued to grow until in the twentieth century the United States passed England as the center for watercolor, producing such well - known watercolor artists as Thomas Eakins and Andrew Wyeth.

What is the main theme of the passage？

A．The decline of fresco painting.

B．The predominance of oils over watercolor.

C．The rediscovery of watercolor in England.

D．The origin and development of watercolor.

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第4题

Advertisement can be thought "as the means of making known in order to buy or sell goods o

r services". Advertisement aims to increase people's awareness and arouse interest. It tries to inform. and to persuade. The media are all used to spread the message. The press offers a fairly cheap method, and magazines are used to reach special sections of the market. The cinema and commercial radio are useful for local market. Television, although more expensive, can be very effective. Public notices are fairly cheap and more permanent in their power of attraction. Other ways of increasing consumer interest are through exhibitions and trade fairs as well as direct mail advertisement.

There can be no doubt that the growth in advertisement is one of the most striking features of the western world in this century. Many businesses such as those handling frozen foods, liquor, tobacco and medicines have been built up largely by advertisement.

We might ask whether the cost of advertisement is paid by the producer or by the customer. Since advertisement forms part of the cost of production, which has to be covered by the selling price, it is clear that it is the customer who pays for advertisement. However, if large scale advertisement leads to increased demand, production costs are reduced, and the customer pays less.

It is difficult to measure exactly the influence of advertisement on sales. When the market is growing, advertisement helps to increase demand. When the market is shrinking, advertisement may prevent a bigger fall in sales than would occur without its support. What is clear is that businesses would not pay large sums for advertisement if they were not convinced of its value to them.

Advertisement is often used to ______.

A．deceive customers

B．increase production

C．arouse suspicion

D．push the sale

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第5题

Advertisement can be thought of "as the means of making known in order to buy or sell good

s or services". Advertisement aims to increase people’s awareness and arouse interest. It tries to inform. and to persuade. The media are all used to spread the message. The press offers a fairly cheap method, and magazines are used to reach special sections of the market. The cinema and commercial radio are useful for local market. Television, although more expensive, can be very effective. Public notices are fairly cheap and more permanent in their power of attraction. Other ways of increasing consumer interest are through exhibitions and trade fairs as well as direct mail advertisement.

There can be no doubt that the growth in advertisement is one of the most striking features of the Western World in this century. Many business such as those handling frozen foods, liquor, tabacco and medicines have been built up largely by advertisement.

We might ask whether the cost of advertisement is paid for by the producer or by the customer. Since advertisement forms part of the cost of production, which has to be covered by the selling price, it is the customer who pays for advertisement. However, if large scale advertisement leads to increased demand, production costs are reduced, and the customer pays less.

It is difficult to measure exactly the influence of advertisement helps to increase demand. When the market is shrinking, advertisement may prevent a bigger fall in sales than would occur without its support. What is clear is that businesses would not pay large sums for advertisement if they were not convinced of its value to them.

Advertisement is often used to ______.

A．deceive customers

B．increase production

C．push the sale

D．arouse suspicion

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第6题

No company likes to be told it is contributing to the moral decline of nation. "Is this wh

at you intended to accomplish with your careers？" Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week. "You have sold your souls, but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well？" At Time Warner, however, such questions are simply the latest manifestation of the soul searching that has involved the company ever since the company was born in 1990. It a self-examination that has, at various times, involved issues of responsibility, creative freedom and the corporate bottom line.

At the core of this debate is chairman Gerald Levin, 56, who took over for the late Steve Ross in 1992. On the financial front, Levin is under pressure to raise the stock price and reduce the company's mountainous debt, which will increase to ＄17.3 billion after two new cable deals close. He has promised to sell off some of the property and restructure the company, but investors are waiting impatiently.

The flap over rap is not making life any easier for him. Levin has consistently defended the company's rap music on the grounds of expression. In 1992, when Time Warner was under fire for releasing Ice T's violent rap song Cop Killer, Levin described rap as a lawful expression of street culture, which deserves an outlet. "The test of any democratic society," he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, "lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be. We won't retreat in the face of any threats."

Levin would not comment on the debate last week, but there were signs that the chairman was backing off his hard-line stand, at least to some extent. During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month's stockholders' meeting, Levin asserted that "music is not the cause of society ills" and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students. But he talked as well about the "balanced struggle" between creative freedom and social responsibility, and he announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standards for distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable music.

The 15-member Time Warner beard is generally supportive of Levin and his corporate strategy. But insiders say several of them have shown their concerns in this matter. "Some of us have known for many, many years that the freedoms under the First Amendment are not totally unlimited," says Lute. "I think it is perhaps the case that some people associated with the company have only recently come to realize this." (458 words)

Senator Robert Dole Criticized Time Warn for ______.

A．its raising of the corporate stock price

B．its self-examination of soul

C．its neglect of social responsibility

D．its emphasis on creative freedom

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第7题

Often enough the craft worker's place of employment in ancient Greece was set in rural

Often enough the craft worker's place of employment in ancient Greece was set in

rural isolation. Potter, for instance, found it convenient to locate their workshops near

their source of clay, regardless of its relation to the center of settlement. At Corinth and

Athens, however, two of the best-known potters' quarters were situated on the cities'

(5) outskirts, and potters and makers of terra-cotta figurines were also established well within

the city of Athens itself. The techniques of pottery manufacture had evolved well before

the Greek period, but marked stylistic developments occurred in shape and in decoration,

for example, in the interplay of black and other giazes with the red surface of the fired pot.

Athenian black-figure and red-figure decoration, which emphasized human figures rather

(10) than animal images, was adopted between 630 and 530 B.C.; its distinctive color and luster

were the result of the skillful adjustments of the kiln's temperature during an extended

three-stage period if firing the clayware. Whether it was the potters or the vase-painters

who initiated changes in firing is unclear; the functions of making and decorating were

usually divided between them, but neither group can have been so specialized the they

(15) did not share in the concerns of the other.

The broad utility of terra-cotta was such that workers in clay could generally afford to

Confine themselves to either decorated ware and housewares like cooking pots and storage

Jars or building materials like roof tiles and drainpipes. Some sixth-and fifth-century B.C.

Athenian pottery establishments are known to have concentrated on a limited range of fine

(20) ware, but a rural pottery establishment on the island of Thasos produced many types of

pottery and roof tiles too, presumably to meet local demand. Molds were used to create

particular effects for some products, such as relief-decorated vessels and figurines; for

other products such as roof tiles, which were needed in some quantity, they were used to

facilitate mass production. There were also a number of poor-quality figurines and painted

(25) pots produced in quantity by easy, inexpensive means-as numerous featureless statuettes and

unattractive cases testify.

The passage mainly discusses ancient Greek pottery and its

A．production techniques

B．similarity to other crafts

C．unusual materials

D．resemblance to earlier pottery

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第8题

It would be better to make a decision now, ______ leave it until next week.A. other tha

It would be better to make a decision now, ______ leave it until next week.

A. other than

B. rather than

C. less than

D. more than

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第9题

Many people seem to think that science fiction is typified by the covers of some of the ol

d pulp magazines: the Bug-Eyed Monster, embodying every trait and feature that most people find repulsive, is about to grab, and presumably ravish, a sweet, blonde, curvaceous, scantily-clad Earth girl. This is unfortunate because it demeans and degrades a worthwhile and even important literary endeavor. In contrast to this unwarranted stereotype, science fiction rarely emphasizes sex, and when it does, it is more discreet than other contemporary fiction. Instead, the basic interest of science fiction lies in the relation between man and his technology and between man and the universe. Science fiction is a literature of change and a literature of the future, and while it would be foolish to claim that science fiction is a major literary genre at this time, the aspects of human life that it considers make it well worth reading and studying ——for no other literary form. does quite the same things.

The question is: what is science fiction？ And the answer must be, unfortunately, that there have been few attempts to consider this question at any length or with much seriousness; it may well be that science fiction will resist any comprehensive definition of its characteristics. To say this, however, does not mean that there are no ways of defining it nor that various facets of its totality cannot be clarified. To Begin, the following definition should be helpful: science fiction is a literary sub-genre which postulates a change (for human beings) from conditions as we know them and follows the implications of these changes to a conclusion. Although this definition will necessarily be modified and expanded, and probably changed, in the course of this exploration, it covers much of the basic groundwork and provides a point of departure.

The first point ——that science fiction is a literary sub-genre ——is a very important one, but one which is often overlooked or ignored in most discussions of science fiction. Specifically, science fiction is either a short story or a novel. There are only a few dramas which could be called science fiction, with Karel Capek's RUR (Rossum's Universal Robots) being the only one that is well known; the body of poetry that might be labeled science fiction is only slightly larger. To say that science fiction is a sub-genre of prose fiction is to say that it has all the basic characteristics and serves the same basic functions in much the same way as prose fiction in general ——that is, it shares a great deal with all other novels and short stories.

Everything that can be said about prose fiction, in general applies to science fiction. Every piece of science fiction, whether short story or novel, must have a narrator, a story, a plot, a setting, character, language, and theme. And like any prose, the themes of science fiction are concerned with interpreting man's nature and experience in relation to the world around him. Themes in science fiction are constructed and presented in exactly the same ways that themes are dealt with in any other kind of fiction. They are the result of a particular combination of narrator, story, plot, character, setting, and language. In short, the reasons for reading and enjoying science fiction, and the ways of studying and analyzing it, are basically the same as they would be for any other story or novel.

Science fiction is called a literary sub-genre because ______.

A．it is not important enough to be a literary genre

B．it cannot be made into a dramatic presentation

C．it shares characteristics with other types of prose fiction

D．to call it a "genre" would subject it to literary jargon

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第10题

Large animals that inhabit the desert have evolved a number of adaptations for reducing th

e effects of extreme heat. One adaptation is to be light in color, and to reflect rather than absorb the Sun's rays. Desert mammals also depart from the normal mammalian practice of maintaining a constant body temperature. Instead of trying to keep down the body temperature deep inside the body, which would involve the expenditure of water and energy, desert mammals allow their temperatures to rise to what would normally be fever height, and temperatures as high as 46 degrees Celsius have been measured in Grant's gazelles. The overheated body then cools down during the cold desert night, and indeed the temperature may fall unusually low by dawn, as low as 34 degrees Celsius in the camel. This is an advantage since the heat of the first few hours of daylight is absorbed in warming up the body, and an excessive buildup of heat does not begin until well into the day.

Another strategy of large desert animals is to tolerate the loss of body water to a point that would be fatal for non-adapted animals. The camel can lose up to 30 percent of its body weight as water without harm to itself, whereas human beings die after losing only 12 to 13 percent of their body weight. An equally important adaptation is the ability to replenish (Sheik) this water loss at one drink. Desert animals can drink huge volumes in a short time, and camels have been known to imbibe (吸收) over 100 liters in a few minutes. A very dehydrated person, on the other hand, cannot drink enough water to rehydrate at one session, because the human stomach is not sufficiently big and because a too rapid dilution of the body fluids causes death from water intoxication. The tolerance of water loss is of obvious advantage in the desert, as animals do not have to remain near a water hole but can obtain food from grazing sparse pastures. Desert-adapted mammals have the further ability to feed normally when extremely dehydrated, it is a common experience in people that appetite is lost even under conditions of moderate thirst.

What is the passage mainly about？

A．Animals developed different strategies to survive.

B．Large animals can take strategies to reduce the effect of extreme heat.

C．Animals can tolerate the loss of body water.

D．A very dehydrated person can drink enough water to rehydrate.

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第11题

Some 23 million additional U.S. residents are expected to become more regular users of the

U.S. health care system in the next several years, thanks to the passage of health care reform.Digitizing medical data has been promoted as one way to help the already burdened system manage the surge in patients. But putting people's health information in databases and online is going to do more than simply reduce redundancies. It is already shifting the very way we seek and receive health care.

"The social dynamics of care are changing," says John Gomez, vice president of Eclipsys, a medical information technology company. Most patients might not yet be willing to share their latest CT scan images over Facebook, he notes, but many parents post their babies' ultrasound images, and countless patients nowadays use social networking sites to share information about conditions, treatments and doctors.

With greater access to individualized health information-whether that is through a formal electronic medical record, a self-created personal health record or a quick instant-messaging session with a physician—the traditional roles of doctors and patients are undergoing a rapid transition.

"For as long as we've known, health care has been I go to the physician, and they tell me what to do, and I do it,'" says Nitu Kashyap, a physician and research fellow at the Yale Center for Medical Informatics. Soon more patients will be arriving at a hospital or doctor's office,having reviewed their own record, latest test results and recommended articles about their health concerns. And even more individuals will be able to skip that visit altogether, instead sending a text message or e-mail to their care provider or consulting a personal health record or smart phone application to answer their questions.

These changes will be strengthened by the nationwide shift to electronic medical records,which has already began. Although the majority of U.S. hospitals and doctors' offices are still struggling to start the changeover, many patients already have electronic medical records, and some even have partial access to them. The My Chart program, in use at Cleveland Clinic, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas and other facilities, is a Web portal (门户)through which patients can see basic medical information as well as some test results.

Medical data is getting a new digital life, and it is jump-starting a "fundamental change in how care is provided," Gomez says.

Which of the following is the best title for this passage？

A．The Future of Your Medical Data.

B．Challenges Against Doctors and Hospitals.

C．Benefits of the U. S. Health Care Reform.

D．How to Access and Share Your Health Information.

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