题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
A．to be based on
B．to base on
C．which to base on
D．on which to base
如果结果不匹配，请 联系老师 获取答案
更多“The professor could hardly fin…”相关的问题
developing countries. Professor James West from North America argued that one of the key needs for developing
countries was to implement rigorous systems of corporate governance to underpin investor confidence in businesses
in those countries. If they did not, he warned, there would be no lasting economic growth as potential foreign inward
investors would be discouraged from investing.
In reply, Professor Amy Leroi, herself from a developing country, reported that many developing countries are
discussing these issues at governmental level. One issue, she said, was about whether to adopt a rules-based or a
principles-based approach. She pointed to evidence highlighting a reduced number of small and medium sized initial
public offerings in New York compared to significant growth in London. She suggested that this change could be
attributed to the costs of complying with Sarbanes-Oxley in the United States and that over-regulation would be the
last thing that a developing country would need. She concluded that a principles-based approach, such as in the
United Kingdom, was preferable for developing countries.
Professor Leroi drew attention to an important section of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act to illustrate her point. The key
requirement of that section was to externally report on – and have attested (verified) – internal controls. This was, she
argued, far too ambitious for small and medium companies that tended to dominate the economies of developing
countries.
Professor West countered by saying that whilst Sarbanes-Oxley may have had some problems, it remained the case
that it regulated corporate governance in the ‘largest and most successful economy in the world’. He said that rules
will sometimes be hard to follow but that is no reason to abandon them in favour of what he referred to as ‘softer’
approaches.
(a) There are arguments for both rules and principles-based approaches to corporate governance.
Required:
(i) Describe the essential features of a rules-based approach to corporate governance; (3 marks)
The students were generally【C3】______and direct in their comments【C4】______how course work could be better【C5】______. Most of their remarks were kindly【C6】______—with tolerance rather than bitterness—and frequently were softened by the【C7】______that the students were speaking【C8】______some, not all, instructors. Nevertheless,【C9】______the following suggestions and comments indicate, students feel【C10】______with things as they are in the classroom. Professors should be【C11】______from reading lecture notes. "It makes their【C12】______monotonous (单调的)." If they are going to read, why not【C13】______out copies of the lecture？ Then we【C14】______need to go to class. Professors should【C15】______repeating in lectures material that is in the textbook."【C16】______we've read the material, we want to【C17】______it or hear it elaborated on,【C18】______repeated." "A lot of students hate to buy a【C19】______text that the professor has written【C20】______to have his lectures repeat it."
【C1】
A．involving
B．counting
C．covering
D．figuring
Professors should be【66】from reading lecture notes. " It makes their【67】monotonous
If they are going to read, why not【68】out copies of the lecture？ Then we【69】need to go to class. Professors should【70】repeating lectures material that is in the textbook.【71】we've read the material, we want to【72】it or hear it elaborated on,【73】repeated. "A lot of students hate to buy a【74】text that the professor has written【75】to have his lectures repeat it.
(56)
A．involving
B．counting
C．covering
D．figuring
Feelings aren't usually associated with inanimate machines, but Rosalind Picard, a professor of computer technology at MIT, believes emotion may be just the thing computers need to work effectively. Computers need artificial emotion to understand their human users better and to achieve self-analysis and self-improvement.
The more scientists study the "wetware" model for computing—the human brain and nervous system—the more they conclude that emotions are a part of intelligence, not separate from it. Emotions are among the tools that we use to process the tremendous amount of stimuli in our environment. They also pay a role in human learning and decision making. Feeling bad about a wrong decision, for instance, focuses attention on avoiding future error. A feeling of pleasure, on the other hand, positively reinforces an experience.
"If we want computers to be genuinely intelligent, to adapt to us, and to interact naturally with us, then they will need the ability to recognize and express emotions, to have emotions, and to have what has come to be called 'emotional intelligence,'" Picard says.
One way that emotions can help computers, she suggests, is by helping keep them from crashing. Today's computers produce error messages, but they do not have a "gut feeling" of knowing when something is wrong or doesn't make sense. A healthy fear of death could motivate a computer to stop trouble as soon as it starts. On the other hand, self-preservation would need to be subordinate to service to humans. It was fear of its own death that prompted HAL, the fictional computer in the film 2002: A Space Odyssey, to kill most of its human associates.
Similarly, computers that could "read" their users would accumulate a store of highly personal information about us—not just what we said and did, but what we likely thought and felt.
"Emotions not only contribute to a richer quality of interaction, but they directly impact a person's ability to interact in an intelligent way," Picard says. "Emotional skills, especially the ability to recognize and express emotions, are essential for natural communication with humans."
In the future computers will tend to be made ______.
A．fictional
B．humanized
C．economical
D．operational
Low levels of literacy (读写能力) and numeracy (计算能力) have a damaging impact on almost every aspect of adult life. Tests and interviews with hundreds of people born in a single week in 1958【C1】______ the handicap of educational underachievement. The【C2】______ were seen in unemployment, family breakdown, low incomes, depression and social inactivity.
Those【C3】______ left school at 16 with poor basic skills had been employed for up to tour years less than good readers by the time they【C4】______ 37. Professor John Bynner, of City University, said that today's【C5】______ teenagers would【C6】______ even greater problems because the【C7】______ of manual jobs had dried up.
Almost one in five of the 1,700 people interviewed had poor literacy skills and almost half struggled with numeracy, a proportion【C8】______ other surveys for the Basic Skills Agency. Some could not read aloud from a child's book, and most found【C9】______ in following【C10】______ instructions.
Poor readers were twice【C11】______ likely to be on a low wage and four times as likely to live in a household where【C12】______ partner w9rked. Women in this position were five times as likely to be【C13】______ as depressed,【C14】______ both sexes tended to feel they had no【C15】______ over their lives, and to be less trusting of【C16】______
【C17】______ with low literacy and numeracy skills were【C18】______ involved in any community organization and much less likely than others to have voted in a general election. There had been no【C19】______ in the level of interviewees reporting problems since the【C20】______ was surveyed at the age of 21.
【C1】
A．provided
B．illustrated
C．perceived
D．assumed
听力原文： There student thieves look out. Students can easily get many research papers off the Internet. A new Website could help teachers catch copiers.
Some students research and write their term papers. Others, however, just copy them off the Internet and turn them in as their work.
Two graduate students at the University of California at Berkeley have written a program to catch the students who copy. It compares a student's paper with every other term paper on the Web.
A hundred million Web pages on the Internet are searched. The top 20 search engines are used for the search. This service can be found at www. Plagiarism.com. They also have a local database of term papers. Teachers who sign up can send their students' 'papers to the Website. Within 24 hours they know if the student did the work. Every sentence that was a word-for-word match with another sentence either found on the Internet or within our database is coded.
A U. C. Berkeley professor told his class he would use the program. Still some students copied papers. All 300 papers went through the program. In 45 papers or 15 percent of students had cut and pasted large amounts of material from different World Wide Websites.
Students that say they didn't copy can defend themselves. They can show the instructor where they got their material. Students at universities try hard to get good grades. Some students welcome the Internet research watchdog because they say it is fair to all. They think copying is wrong.
Instead of researching and writing their papers, some students ______.
A．ask other students to write their papers
B．draw pictures instead
C．copy from reference books
D．copy papers or large parts of papers from the Internet
Some have argued that such rights are merely luxuries that wealthy societies bestow, but Olson turns that argument around and asserts that such rights are essential to creating wealth. "Incomes are low in most of the countries of the world, in short, because the people in those countries do not have secure individual rights," he says.
Certain simple economic activities, such as food gathering and making handicrafts, rely mostly on individual labor; property is not necessary. But more advanced activities, such as the mass production of goods, require machines and factories and offices. This production is often called capital-intensive, but it is really property-intensive, Olson observes.
"No one would normally engage in capital-intensive production if he or she did not have rights that kept the valuable capital from being taken by bandits, whether roving or stationary," he argues. "There is no private property without government--individuals may have possessions, the way a dog possesses a bone, but there is private property only if the society protects and defends a private right to that possession against other private parties and against the government as well."
Would-be entrepreneurs, no matter how small, also need a government and court system that will make sure people honor their contracts. In fact, the banking systems relied on by developed nations are based on just such an enforceable contract system. "We would not deposit our money in banks ... if we could not rely on the bank having to honor its contract with us, and the bank would not be able to make the profits it needs to stay in business if it could not enforce its loan contracts with borrowers," Olson writes.
Other economists have argued that the poor economies of Third World and communist countries are the result of governments setting both prices find the quantities of goods produced rather than letting a free market determine them. Olson agrees that there is some merit to this point of view, but he argues that government intervention is not enough to explain the poverty of these countries. Rather, the real problem is lack of individual rights that give people incentive to generate wealth. "If a society has clear and secure individual rights, there are strong incentives (刺激，动力) to produce, invest, and engage in mutually advantageous trade., and therefore at least some economic advance," Olson concludes.
Which of the following is true about Olson？
A．He was a fiction writer.
B．He edited the book Power and Prosperity.
C．He taught economics at the University of Maryland.
D．He was against the ownership of private property.
(ii) Construct the argument against Professor West’s opinion, and in favour of Professor Leroi’s opinion that
a principles-based approach would be preferable in developing countries. Your answer should consider
the particular situations of developing countries. (10 marks)
The professor asked a question，and David______a good answer.
A．put up with
B．stood up for
C．came up with
D．looked down upon
The region's accelerating population, expanding agriculture, industrialization, and higher living standards demand more freshwater. Drought and pollution limit its availability. War and mismanagement waste it. Said Joyce Start of the Global Water Summit Initiative, based in Washington, D.C. "Nations like Israel and Jordan are swiftly sliding into that zone where they are suing all the water resources available to them. They have only 15 to 20 years left before their agriculture, and ultimately their food security, is threatened."
I came here to examine this crisis in the making, to investigate fears that "water wars" are imminent, that water has replaced oil as the region's most contentious commodity. For more than two months I traveled through three river valleys and seven nations—from southern Turkey down the Euphrates River to Syria, Iraq, and on to Kuwait; to Israel and Jordan, neighbors across the valley of the Jordan; to the timeless Egyptian Nile.
Even amid the scarcity there are haves and have-nots. Compared with the United States, which in 1990 had freshwater potential of 10,000 cubic meters (2.6 million gallons) a year for each citizen, Iraq had 5,500, Turkey had 4,000, and Syria had more than 2,800. Egypt's potential was only 1,100. Israel had 460. Jordan had a meager 260. But these are not firm figures, because upstream use of river water can dramatically alter the potential downstream.
Scarcity is only one element of the crisis. Inefficiency is another, as is the reluctance of some water-poor nations to change priorities from agriculture to less water-intensive enterprises. Some experts suggest that if nations would share both water technology and resources, they could satisfy the region's population, currently 159 million. But in this patchwork of ethnic and religious rivalries, water seldom stands alone as an issue. It is entangled in the politics that keep people from trusting and seeking help from one another. Here, where water, like truth, is precious, each nation tends to find its own water and supply its own truth.
As Israeli hydrology professor Uri Shamir told me: "If there is political will for peace, water will not be a hindrance. If you want reasons to fight, water will not be a hindrance, lf you want reasons to fight, water will give you ample opportunities."
Why does the author use the phrase "for next November" (Line 3, Para. 1)？
A．According to the Old Testament freshwater is available only in November.
B．Rainfall comes only in winter staging from November.
C．Running water systems will not be ready until next November.
D．It is a custom in that region that irrigation to crops is done only in November.
A．need graphic representations in order to understand higher-order language concepts
B．are good at studying English idioms but often fail to grasp higher-order language concepts
C．are not very patient with videodisc which helps them to understand the world concepts
D．tend to be deaf as well and have difficulty learning the simple concept "before and after"
