Man cannot continue【C1】______his numbers at the present rate. In the【C2】______thirty years

第1题

When imaginative men turn their eyes towards space and wonder whether life exists in any p

art of it, they may cheer themselves by remembering that life need not resemble closely the life that exists on Earth. Mars looks like the only planet where life like ours could exist, and even this is doubtful. But there may be other kinds of life based on other kinds of chemistry, and they may multiply on Venus or Jupiter. At least we cannot prove at present that they do not.

Even more interesting is the possibility that life on their planets may be in a more advanced stage of evolution. Present-day man is in a peculiar and probably temporary stage. His individual units retain a strong sense of personality. They are, in fact, still capable under favorable circumstances of leading individual lives. But man's societies are already sufficiently developed to have enormously more power and effectiveness

than the individuals have.

It is not likely that this transitional situation will continue very long on the evolutionary time scale. Fifty thousand year's from now man's societies may have become so close-knit that the individuals retain no sense of separate personality. Then little distinction will remain between the organic parts of the multiple organism and the inorganic parts (machines) that have been constructed by it. A million years further on man and his machines may have merged as closely as the muscles of the human body and nerve cells that set them in motion.

The explorers of space should be prepared for some' such situation. If they arrive on a foreign planet that has reached an advanced stage (and this is by no means impossible), they may find it being inhabited by a single large organism composed of many closely cooperating units.

The units may be "secondary"-machines created millions of years ago by a previous form. of life and given the will and ability to survive and reproduce. They may be built entirely of metals and other durable materials. If this is the case, they may be much more tolerant of their environment, multiplying under conditions that would destroy immediately any organism made of carbon compounds and dependent on the familiar car bon cycle.

Such creatures might be relics of a past age, many millions of years ago, when their planet was favorable to the origin of life, or they might be immigrants from a favored planet.

Humans on Earth today are characterized by______.

A．their existence as free and separate beings

B．their capability of living under favorable conditions

C．their great power and effectiveness

D．their strong desire for living in a close-knit society

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第2题

Man cannot go on increasing his number at the present rate. In the （56)30 years man will f

Man cannot go on increasing his number at the present rate. In the (56) 30 years man will face a period of crisis. (57) experts believe that there will be a widespread food (58) Other experts think this is (59) pessimistic (悲观的), and that man can prevent things from (60) worse than they are now. But remember that two thirds of the people in the world are under-nourished or starving now.

(61) thing that man can do is to limit the (62) of babies born. The need (63) this is obvious, but it is not (64) to achieve. People have to be 65 to limit their families. In the countries of the population (66) , many people like big families. The parents think that this (67) a bigger income for the family and ensures there will be someone in the family who will look (68) them in old age.

Several governments have (69) birth control policies in recent years. (70) them are Japan, China, India and Egypt. In some (71) the results have not been successful. Japan has been an (72) . The Japanese adopted a birth control policy in 1948. People were (73) to limit their families. The birth (74) fell from 34. 3 per thousand per year to about 17. 0 per year (75) present.

(61)

A．second

B．recent

C．next

D．late

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第3题

There is much discussion today about whether economic growth is desirable. At an earlier p

eriod, our desire for material wealth may have been justified. Now, howerer, this desire for more than we need is causing serious problems. Even though we have good intentions, we may be producing too much, too fast.

Those who criticize economic growth argue that we must slow down. They believe that society is approaching certain limits on growth. These include the fixed supply of natural resources, the possible negative effects of industry on the natural environment, and the continuing increase in the world's population. As society reaches these limits, economic growth can no longer continue, and the quality of life will decrease.

People who want more economic growth, on the other hand, argue that even at the present growth rate there are still many poor people in the world. These proponents of economic growth believe that only more growth can create the capital needed to improve the quality of life in the world. Furthermore, they argue that only continued growth can provide the financial resources required to protect our natural surroundings from industrialization.

This debate over the desirability of continued economic growth is of vital importance to business and industry. If those who argue against economic growth are correct, the problems they mention cannot be ignored. To find a solution, economists and the business community must pay attention to these problems and continue discussing them with one another.

What is this passage primarily concerned with？

A．The problems caused by economic growth.

B．The desirability of economic growth.

C．The desire for more material wealth.

D．The limits of economic growth.

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第4题

Manners are different in every country; but true politeness is everywhere the same. Manner

s are only【C1】______ helps which ignorance assumes in order to【C2】______ politeness, which is the result of good sense and good【C3】______ A person possessed of those qualities, though he had never seen a court, is truly【C4】______ ; and if without them, would continue a clown,【C5】______ he had been all his life a gentleman usher. He who【C6】______ airs of importance exhibits his credentials (证明)of【C7】______ . There is no policy like politeness; and a good manner is the best thing in the world to get a good name, or to 【C8】______ the want of it. Good manners are a part of good morals, and it is【C9】______ much our duty as our interest to practice in both. Good manners are the art of making those around us easy.【C10】______ makes the fewest persons【C11】______ is the best bred man in the company. Good manners should begin at home. A person【C12】______ appears so ridiculous by the qualities he has, as by those he【C13】______ to have. He gains more by being【C15】______ to be seen as he is, than by attempting to appear【C14】______ he is not. Good manners is the result of much good sense, some good nature, and a little self-denial, for the【C16】______of others, and with a view to obtain the same indulgence from them. "【C17】______ make the man," says the proverb. It may be true that some men's man hers have been the making of them;【C18】______ as manners are rather the expression of the man, it would be more【C19】______ to say the man makes the manners. Social courtesies should arise from the heart; the worth of manners consists【C20】______ being the sincere expressions of feelings.

【C1】

A．artificial

B．provincial

C．controversial

D．substantial

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第5题

When God made the first man, he put him in a beautiful garden, the Garden of Eden. Here Ad

am lived in peace with all the animals. God gave Adam eternal life. But Adam was lonely in the gar den, so God made Eve. When Adam was asleep one night, God took a rib from him and made Eve, the first woman. Adam was happy when he woke up the next morning and found Eve beside him. God said to them, "Here in the Garden you have everything. But you cannot have one thing: you cannot eat the apples from the Tree of Knowledge."

One day Satan came to the Garden. He changed into a snake and went to live in the Tree of Knowledge. When Eve came near the tree one day, the snake called her. He gave her an apple and said," Take this apple and eat it. Don' t listen to the God. Eat it. "After Eve took a bite, she the apple to Adam. He was afraid, but Eve repeated again and again: "It' s good. Here, eat it. Why not？" So he finally ate the apple.

Before they ate the apple; Adam and Eve didn' t know that they were naked. But now they were ashamed and covered their bodies with leaves. God was angry with them. He said, "Leave the Gar den. You cannot stay here."

When Adam and Eve left the garden, they had their first experience of pain and hard work in the cold hard world outside.

God put Adam in a beautiful garden where he lived ______.

A．peacefully with other people

B．happily with all the animals

C．by himself without any other people

D．eternally

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第6题

It is a curious phenomenon of nature that only two species practice the art of war -- men

and ants, both of which, significantly, maintain complex social organizations. This does not mean that only men and ants engage in the murder of their own kind. Many animals of the same species kill each other, but only men and ants have practiced the science of organized destruction, employing their massed numbers in violent combat and relying on strategy and tactics to meet developing situations or to take advantage of the weaknesses in the strategy and tactics of the other side.

While all entomologists (昆虫学家) are all agreed that war is instinctive with ants, it is encouraging to note that not all anthropologists (人类学家) and biologists are agreed that war is instinctive with men. Those who lean on experience, of course, find everything in man's history to indicate that war is locked up within his nature. But a broader and more generous, certainly more philosophical, view is held by those scientists who claim that evidence of a war instinct in men is incomplete and misleading, and that man does have within him the power of abolishing (废除) war. Julian Huxley, the English biologist, draws a sharp distinction between human nature and expression of human nature. Thus war is not a reflection but an expression of man's nature.

Moreover, the expression may change, as the factors which lead to war may change. "In men, as in ants, war in any serious sense is bound up with the existence of accumulations of property to fight about... As for human nature, it contains no specific war instinct, as does the nature of harvester ants. There is in man's makeup a general aggressive tendency, but this, like all other human urges, is not a specific and unvarying instinct; it can be molded (塑造) into the most varied forms."

But even if this gives us a reassuring answer to the question -- is war inevitable because of man's nature？ -- it still leaves unanswered the question concerning the causes leading up to war. The expression of man's nature will continue to be warlike if the same conditions are continued that have prompted warlike expressions in him in the past. And since man's survival on earth is now absolutely dependent on his ability to avoid a new war, he is faced with the so-far insoluble problem of eliminating those causes.

Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage？

A．There are different factors which may lead to war.

B．War has been rooted in and will develop with human history.

C．Both men and ants maintain complex social organizations.

D．Only men and ants have developed and practiced the art of war.

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第7题

In the earlier days of computer history, there was a quite widespread concern that compute

rs would take over the world from man one day. Already today, less than forty years later, as computers are relieving us of more and more of the routine tasks in business and in our personal lives, we are faced with a less dramatic but also less foreseen problem. People tend to be over-trusting of the functions of computers and are reluctant to challenge their authority. Indeed, they behave as if they were hardly aware that wrong buttons might be pushed, or that a computer might simply fail to work properly.

Obviously, there would be no point in investing in a computer if you had to check all its answers, but people should also rely on their own internal computers and check the machine when they have the feeling that something had gone wrong. Questioning and routine double checks must continue to be as much a part of good business as they were in pre-computer days. Maybe each computer should come with the following warning: For all the help this computer may provide, it should not be seen as a device that can take the place of fundamental thinking and reasoning skills.

The main purpose of this passage is______.

A．to look back to the early days of computers

B．to explain what technical problems may occur with computers

C．to warn against a mentally lazy attitude towards computers

D．to discourage unnecessary investment in computers

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第8题

Supermarket's New Strategy One supermarket in Tokyo has managed to solve the problems of s

Supermarket's New Strategy

One supermarket in Tokyo has managed to solve the problems of shoplifting, mistakes by cashiers, and long lines of customers waiting at the cash registers. It is Japan's advanced computer technology that has come (51) with the answers.

Shoppers at an OK supermarket on the outskirts of the city now push a cart (52) a plastic card chained to it and buy from glass cases where the goods are on display. The plastic card has a magnetic number imprinted on it. Each customer carries his or her own card, which is (53) at the exit. While shopping, the customer pushes the card into a slot beside whichever items are wanted and pushes a button or two. The glass covered vending machines are connected to a computer that (54) the price of every item in the store. Prices of every purchase are added up automatically. (55) she has finished shopping, the customer hands her card to a cashier who (56) it into the register. A second later the (57) pops out.

Shoplifting is physically impossible. Once you touch a commodity the computer remembers it no matter how you hide it or (58) you eat it on the spot.

A cashier at the OK supermarket is now able to work 15 times faster than her (59) at a conventional supermarket. Only two cashiers, (60) , are required at the store, which (61) 2,500 separate items. One man is enough to keep the vending machine filled, because whenever the stock for a certain commodity is (62) to run out, a red lamp in the computer-room (63) him.

But there are disadvantages too: a customer cannot (64) his or her mind about a purchase. Once touched, the item cannot be put back. The customer must (65) a cashier with it first and get a refund later. There are also no fresh vegetables or fish on sale—everything is prepackaged.

(51)

A．together

B．up

C．along

D．on

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第9题

People all over the world today are beginning to hear and learn more and more about the pr

oblem of pollution. Pollution is caused either by man's release of completely new and often artificial (人造) substances into the environment, or by releasing greatly increased amounts of a natural substance (物质), such as oil from oil tankers into the sea.

Whatever its underlying reasons, there is no doubt that much of the pollution caused could be controlled if only companies, individuals and governments Would make more efforts. In the home there is an obvious need to control litter and waste. Food comes wrapped up three or four times in packages that all have to be disposed off drinks are increasingly sold in bottles or tins which cannot be reused. This not only causes a litter problem, but also is a great waste of resources, in terms of glass, metal and paper. Advertising has helped this process by persuading many of us no only to buy thing we neither want nor need, but also to throw away much of what we do buy. Pollution and waste combine to be a problem everyone can help to solve by curing out unnecessary buying, excess use and careless disposal (处理) of the products we use in our daily lives.

The main cause of pollution is ______.

A．the release of artificial or natural substances into the environment

B．the production of new industrial goods

C．increased amounts of a natural substance

D．our ever-increasing population

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第10题

根据下列材料回答下列各题。 There is muchDiscussion today about whether economic growth i

sDesirable．At an earlierperiod，ourDesire for material wealth may haveBeen justified．Now，however，thisDesire formore than we need is causing serious problems．Even though we have good intentions，we maybe producing too much，too fast． Those who criticize economic growth argue that we must slowDown．TheyBelieve that soci—ety is approaching certain limits on growth．These include the fixed supply of natural resources，the possible negative effects of industry on the natural environment，and the continuing increasein the world’s population．As society reaches these limits，economic growth Can no longer con-tinue．and the quality of life willDecrease． People who want more economic growth，on the other hand，argue that even at the presentgrowth rate there are still many poor people in the world．These proponents of economic growthbelieve that only more growth call create the capital needed to improve the quality of life in theworld．Furthermore．they argue that only continued growth Can provide the financial resourcesrequired to protect our natural surroudings from industrialization． This Debate over theDesirability of continued economic growth is of vital importance tobusiness and industry．If those who argue against economic growth are correct，the problemsthev mention cannotBe ignored．To find a solution， economists and theBusiness communitymustDay attention to these problems and continueDiscussing them with one another．（）According to those who argue against economic growth we must slowDown for the following reasons EXCEPT that_______．

A.more efforts shouldBe made to improve the quality of our material life

B.the fixed supply of natural resources marks a pointBeyond which economicgrowth cannot continue

C.the world population is ever increasing

D.our natural surroundings are inDanger ofBeingDestroyedBy industry

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