All Americans are at least vaguely【C1】______ with the plight of the American Indian. Cutba

第1题

In what way does the author think ordinary Americans benefit from immigration？A．They can a

In what way does the author think ordinary Americans benefit from immigration？

A．They can access all kinds of public services.

B．They can get consumer goods at lower prices.

C．They can mix with people of different cultures.

D．They can avoid doing much of the manual labor.

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第2题

Chinese-Americans today have higher incomes than Americans in general. One-fourth of all【3

6】Chinese-Americans are working in scientific and professional【37】. The Chinese have risen to this position【38】some of the harshest discrimination and violence【39】any immigrants in the history of this country. Today, 【40】of the Chinese prosperity (成功) is【41】the simple fact that they work harder and take【42】of educational opportunities.

Chinese-Americans have had three Noble【43】winners, all in physics. Many more have PhDs, especially from high【44】universities. Among academics, Asians publish more than【45】blacks or whites.

(36)

A．employed

B．employee

C．employer

D．employing

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第3题

Cars are【21】important part of life in the United States. Without a car most people feel th

at they are poor. And even if a person is poor he doesn't feel really poor when he has a car.

Henry Ford was the man who first started making cars in large【22】He probably didn't know how much the car was going to【23】American culture. The car made the United States a nation on wheels. And it helped make the United States what it is today.

There are three main reasons the car【24】so popular in the United States. First of all, the country is a huge one and Americans like to move around in it. The car provides【25】comfortable and cheapest form. of all the means of transportation. With a car people can go to any place without spending a lot of money.

The second reason cars are popular is the fact that the United States has never really【26】an efficient and inexpensive form. of public transportation. Long-distance trains have never been as common in the United States as they are in other parts of the world. Nowadays there is a good system of air service【27】by planes. But it is too expensive to be used frequently.

The third reason is the most important one, though. The American spirit of independence is【28】really made cars popular. Americans don't like to wait for a bus, or a train or even a plane. They don't like to have to【29】an exact schedule. A car gives them the freedom to schedule their own time. And this is【30】that Americans want most to have.

(61)

A．the

B．an

C．a

D．not

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第4题

All Americans are at least vaguely （1)_____ with the （2)_____ of the American Indian. Cutb

All Americans are at least vaguely (1)_____ with the (2)_____ of the American Indian. Cutbacks in federal programs for Indians have made their problems (3)_____ more severe in recent years. Josephy reports," (4)_____ 1981 it was estimated that cut, backs in federal programs for Indians totaled about $500 million" (5)_____ mole than ten times the cuts affecting their (6)_____ fellow Americans. This reduced funding is affecting almost all aspects of reservation life, (7)_____ education. If the Indians could solve their (8)_____ problems, solutions to many of their other problems might not be far behind. In, this paper the current status of Indian education will be described and (9)_____ and some ways of improving this education will be proposed.

Whether to (10)_____ with the dominant American culture or to (11)_____ Indian culture has been a longstanding issue in Indian education. The next fifty years became a period of (12)_____ assimilation in all areas of Indian culture, but especially in religion and education.

John Collier, a reformer who agitated. (13)_____ Indians and their culture from the early 1920s until his death in 1968, had a different idea. He believed that instead of effacing native culture, Indian schools (14)_____ encourage and (15)_____ it.

Pressure to assimilate remains a potent force today, (16)_____. More and more Indians are graduating from high school and college and becoming (17)_____ for jobs in the non-Indian society." When Indians obtain the requisite skills, many of them enter the broader American society and succeed." (18)_____ approximately 90 percent of all Indian children are educated in state public school systems (Taylor 136, 155). (19)_____ these children compete with the members of the dominant society, however, is another (20)_____.

A．agreeable

B．regardless

C．familiar

D．sympathetic

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第5题

Black Americans have served with honor in every American military action, though this fact

if often omitted in history books. Even though black men almost had to beg to be al- lowed to serve in the Revolutionary War, they went on to serve well. Two blackmen, Oliver Cromwell and Prince Whipple, were with Washington when he crossed the Delaware on Christmas Day, 1776, to attack the British at Trenton. A black man named Estabrook captured the Royal Army's general Prescott Newport, and Peter Salem, a black, killed Major Pitcairn as he was savoring his expected victory at Bunker Hill.

Even though they were forced to serve in separated units, black soldiers distinguished themselves in combat. This was despite the fact the whites had long believed that blacks could neither command nor use firearms. In 1863, William Carney of the Massachusetts Colored Infantry received the Congressional Medal of Honor for his role in battles with the Plains Indians. Isaiah Dorman, Coster's black scout, served and died at the Little Big Horn in 1876. Henry Flipper was the first black graduate of West Point in 1877.

In World War I, 40,000 black American combat soldiers served with the French command. Neither U.S. nor British commanders would use these men. But Henry Johnson and Needham Roberts, soldiers in the 369th Infantry's black “Hellfighters” were still the first Americans to win the Croix de Guerr, France's top military award.

During World War II over 600,000 black men and women served in the armed forces, including some 400,000 who served overseas. Dorie Miller, a black mess attendant in navy, was one of our first heroes in this war. At Pearl Harbor during the Japanese sneak attack, he manned a machine gun and shot down four planes. The black fighter pilots of Benjamin Davis, Jr. distinguished themselves throughout the war. They served most courageously during the Italian campaign. During the war in Vietnam, mainly because of civil rights pressures in America but also owing to the fine record of black military units, all American forces were fully integrated. Once again blacks played vital roles. And 13. 2 percent of all war deaths were of blacks, even though blacks constitute only 11 percent of all Americans. Black American soldiers continue to serve their land well.

The main idea this passage is that______.

A．black Americans made contributions in the Revolutionary War

B．black Americans have admirably served their country in at least five wars

C．black Americans suffered a larger portion of war deaths in Vietnam than did any other minorities

D．black Americans served under the French command in World War I

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第6题

What is happiness？ We Americans believe that the right to 【C1】______ happiness is issued t

o us with the birth 【C2】______ , but no one seems quite sure 【C3】______ way it ran.

【C4】______ , we Americans seem to be 【C5】______ to the idea of buying our way to happiness. We shall all have 【C6】______ it to Heaven when we 【C7】______ enough.

And at the same time the 【C8】______ of American commercialism are hugely dedicated to making us deliberately 【C9】______ .

Advertising is one of our major 【C10】______ , and advertising exists not to 【C11】______ desires but to create them--and to create them faster than any man's 【C12】______ can satisfy them. We are taught that to 【C13】______ is to be happy, and then we are 【C14】______ to want. We are even told it is our 【C15】______ to want. It was only a few years ago, to 【C16】______ a single example, that car dealers across the country were flying banners that 【C17】______ "You Auto Buy Now". They were calling 【C18】______ Americans, as an act approaching patriotism, to buy at once, 【C19】______ money they did not have, automobiles they did not really need, and which they would be required to grow tired of by the time the next year's 【C20】______ were released.

【C1】

A．pursue

B．persist

C．preserve

D．prevail

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第7题

听力原文：Ask the average American,"What is freedom？"You will probably hear,"It's being abl

听力原文： Ask the average American,"What is freedom？"You will probably hear,"It's being able to do what I want to do." When Americans think of freedom, they often think of individualism.They see themselves more as individuals than as members of a family or social group.

In American culture.freedom means equality.The Declaration of Independence states that"all men are created equal."That does not mean equal in abilities or status.For Americans,equality refers to equal worth and equal opportunity. Every individual should have an equal chance to improve his life.True,America has not always lived up to that ideal.For many years,Native Americans,African Americans and immigrants have protested their unequal treatment. But American culture still teaches that people can work hard and fulfill their dreams.Whether this idea is true or not,people hear rags-to-riches stories often enough to confirm it in the minds of many people.

Freedom arouses strong feelings for Americans.The idea of liberty binds people together in this"land of the free." However,problems still exist.One individual's freedom can conflict with the rights of others. Someone once said,"You have the freedom to swing your fist around if you want.But your freedom ends where my nose begins."People can also become too concerned about their own rights.They might demand special treatment.However,the path to freedom is not completely smooth.Even so,for Americans,no other road is really worth traveling.

What do Americans often think of when thinking of freedom？

A．Collectivism.

B．Equality.

C．Social group.

D．Individualism.

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第8题

It seems like Americans use credit cards for everything. It's a lot easier to spend money

that you don't see, isn't it？ Many Americans spend money that isn't even there and get deeper and deeper in debt. Why do so many people spend more than they have？ "Buy now, pay later" has become an American way of life. Recently, American households spent nearly 11 billion dollars more than they earned, creating a negative saving rate.

There are two ideas—one, living within your means, and the idea that living on debt is a great equalizer(平衡装置). They both have validity because it is important that someone live within their means over their lifetime. When people are young and they are earning money, but they have very little savings, they almost have to borrow in order to own a house or own a car. But as they grow older, they should develop the habit of saving, so that by the time they reach the end of their earning life, they have savings to live on in retirement, and live within their means.

"Buy now, pay later" worked very well for us in the 1990s, but one suspects it won't work forever. The only thing that concerns me is that Americans are so contented, so optimistic, so unconcerned about any bumps in the road that many American households, not all of them, but many American households are very heavily extended in personal credit, a lot of credit card debt. People are paying very high prices for houses and borrowing heavily against those prices; and if we do run into a bump in the road, a recession, there are going to be a lot of households, not all of them, but many households that Ml be severely squeezed. That means we're more vulnerable to serious financial distress than Japan is. Japan has been in financial distress for ten years, but one reason it's been able to weather that is that the households had been very conservative, had a lot of savings, were very liquid, and were able to weather difficult times. And many American households would now be less able to do that because they are so heavily in debt.

We know from the passage that credit cards

A．make Americans get deeper and deeper in debt

B．are likely to be abandoned by more Americans

C．will soon become a symbol of American life

D．will help solve potential financial problems

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第9题

In general, American food is mild tasting; most Americans do not season their food to any

great degree. Salads are very popular and are served all year, especially in the summer. Waiters tend to assume that everyone drinks coffee, but simply tell them if you want something else. If a waiter says "Now or later？" he means "Do you want coffee with your meal or after it？" Many, but certainly not all, Americans drink coffee or tea with their meals. Either way is perfectly acceptable. When dining out, you can ask for tea, milk, "coke", wine or beer if you prefer. Restaurants can only serve beer, wine or other alcoholic drinks if they have a license, that is, permission from the local government to serve alcoholic drinks. Normally, when eating in a private home, it is considered good manners to take whatever is served and not to ask for something different, unless the hostess gives you a choice.

The main course served in American meals is usually meat, fish, or poultry, but rarely is more than one of these served as a first course, however.

Most Americans eat breakfast and lunch quickly unless it is social, business, or family occasion. The evening meal, however, is usually longer and a time for the family to gather together. Rushing through day-time meals is part of the fast pace in America. Another reason for rushing through day-time meals is that many people who eat breakfast and lunch in restaurants are usually crowded with people waiting for a place so that they, too, can be served and return to work at the proper time. So each one hurries to make room for the next person. As with busy people everywhere there is a real difference between a meal that is eaten in a hurry and one that can be enjoyed with friends during one's leisure.

In America, salads are very popular and are served especially ______.

A．all year

B．in the summer

C．at lunch

D．at dinner

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第10题

The American definition of success is largely one of acquiring wealth and a high material

standard of living. It is not surprising, 【26】______ , that Americans have valued education for its monetary value. The belief is widespread in the United States 【27】______ the more schooling people have, the more money they will 【28】______ when they leave school. The belief is strongest 【29】______ the desirability of an undergraduate university degree, or a 【30】______ degree such as medicine or law 【31】______ the undergraduate degree. The money value of graduate degrees in 【32】______ such as art, history, or philosophy is not 【33】______ great.

This belief in the monetary value of education is 【34】______ by research outcomes on income. Ben Wattenberg, a social scientist, estimates that in the 【35】______ of a lifetime a man 【36】______ a college school diploma in 1972 could earn about $380,000 more than a man who 【37】______ had a high school diploma. Perhaps this helps to explain survey 【38】______ which showed that Americans who 【39】______ they had lived their lives differently in some way regretted 【40】______ of all that they did not get more education. The regret is 【41】______ by those who have made 【42】______ to the top and by those who have not. 【43】______ a man like Douglas Fraser, the president of the United Auto Workers Union, a nationally known and successful leader, was 【44】______ by regrets that he did not climb higher on the 【45】______ ladder.

【26】

A．however

B．therefore

C．moreover

D．though

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第11题

听力原文：M: So, you must have a lot of contact with overseas students in your work helping

people coping with daily existence.

W: Sometimes. You know the life of a social worker is not all wonderful and working to help people in their daily life. I have to spend a lot of time pushing paper, and writing reports too. But when I do get out, yeah, I see a lot of foreigners. And sometimes they come in because life in America has just beaten them down and they can't cope financially or emotionally.

M: Really？ I would think that they had a good support network in place, especially university students.

W: They do have a network, and a variety of support groups, but these can't meet all of the students' needs. They can't help with paying bills, dealing with American neighbors and customs, fitting in, getting a driver's license, etc. They try, but very often the student has to figure out a lot of this stuff by himself. And if he or she is shy, they don't have the courage to ask other people, even other people from their nationality.

M: So what are some of the things that overseas students struggle with？

W: This might interest you, but they struggle with the food, especially Chinese. You know, they come here knowing that Americans love Chinese food so much. They think that there will be good restaurants with Chinese food that they love. But they get here and they are extremely surprised. Americans enjoy totally different flavors.

M: So what do they do？

W: If they're brave and curious, they look around and test all the restaurants. There is usually at least one restaurant in every town that has almost quality food.

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

23. In which aspect does the woman help people in her work？

24. Why do people come to the woman for help？

25. How did Chinese students expect the American-made Chinese food before they came to the U.S？

(20)

A．Writing reports for them.

B．Teaching them foreign languages.

C．Helping them deal with daily existence.

D．Introducing work for them.

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