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Forty May Be the New 30 As Scientists Redefine Age Is 40 really the new 30？ In many way

s people today act younger than their parents did at the same age.

Scientists have defined a new age concept and believe it could explain why populations are aging, but at the same time seem to be getting younger.

Instead of measuring aging by how long people have lived, the scientists have factored in how many more years people can probably still look forward to.

"Using that measure, the average person can get younger in the sense that he or she can have even more years to live as time goes on," said Warren Sanderson of the University of New York in Stony Brook.

He and Sergei Scherbov of the Vienna lnstitute of Demography (人口统计学) at the Austrian (奥地利的) Academy of Sciences, have used their method to estimate how the proportion of elderly people in Germany, Japan and the United States will change in the future.

The average German was 39.9 years old in 2000 and could plan to live for another 39.2 years, according to research reported in the journal Nature on Wednesday.

However, by 2050 the average German will be 51.9 years old and will be expected to live another 37.1 years. So middle age in 2050 would occur at around 52 years instead of 40 years as in 2000.

"As people have more and more years to live they have to save more and plan more and they effectively are behaving as if they were younger," said Sanderson.

Five years ago, the average American was 35.3 years old and could plan for 43.5 more years of life. By 2050, the researchers estimate it will increase to 41.7 years and 45.8 future years.

"A lot of our ski/Is, our education, our savings and the way we dear with our health care depend a great deal on how many years we have to live," said Sanderson.

This dimension of how many years people have to live has been completely ignored in the discussion of aging so far.

第36题：People 40 years of age today seem to be as young as

A．their parents were at the same age.

B．their parents were at the age of 30.

C．their children will be at the same age.

D．their children will be at the age of 30.

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更多“Forty May Be the New 30 As Sci…”相关的问题

第1题

In the earlier days of computer history, there was a quite widespread concern that compute

rs would take over the world from man one day. Already today, less than forty years later, as computers are relieving us of more and more of the routine tasks in business and in our personal lives, we are faced with a less dramatic but also less foreseen problem. People tend to be over-trusting of the functions of computers and are reluctant to challenge their authority. Indeed, they behave as if they were hardly aware that wrong buttons might be pushed, or that a computer might simply fail to work properly.

Obviously, there would be no point in investing in a computer if you had to check all its answers, but people should also rely on their own internal computers and check the machine when they have the feeling that something had gone wrong. Questioning and routine double checks must continue to be as much a part of good business as they were in pre-computer days. Maybe each computer should come with the following warning: For all the help this computer may provide, it should not be seen as a device that can take the place of fundamental thinking and reasoning skills.

The main purpose of this passage is______.

A．to look back to the early days of computers

B．to explain what technical problems may occur with computers

C．to warn against a mentally lazy attitude towards computers

D．to discourage unnecessary investment in computers

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第2题

According to Paragraph 2, senior executives' quitting may be spurred by （）.

A.their expectation of better financial status.

B.their need to reflect on their private life.

C.their strained relations with the boards.

D.their pursuit of new career goals.

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第3题

Many people, particularly recent college graduates, dreaming of owning their own businesse

s. Although such ventures are often exciting and profitable, the new entrepreneur should thoroughly investigate and plan the situation before plunging in. The first step should be to assemble a board of advisers, including a lawyer, an accountant, and an insurance representative. These individuals can provide valuable information and counsel. Securing the necessary licenses and permits is also a precondition and may require research to determine what is necessary.

Most successful small business owners have considerable knowledge in the area working for others be fore they become independent. They also begin with substantial financial backing and a good location. Renting space may be preferable or necessary at the start, but the lease on the building must be examined carefully before it is signed. The new owner should be thoroughly familiar with the market and the competition. A person who wants to buy an existing business can often learn the history of the company and its prospects from the owner's records. Once the business gets started, accurate and complete records should be kept to monitor the company's progress and profits.

Financing may be the most difficult step for small-business owners. They may rely on their own savings or borrow money from a bank or the Small Business Administration. Some suppliers will sell merchandise on credit, and manufacturers may be willing to finance the purchase of equipment. If the new business is a corporation, the owner may choose to sell stock.

Once the new business is started, the Small Business Administration is a good source of advice. Several of its programs are designed to help new owners with expertise of retired executives. A nearby university or trade association may also help owners locate local sources of help.

New business owners often report that they work long, hard hours but find the experience extremely satisfying. The realization that their efforts will produce actual results in the form. of profit, success, and pride can be quite motivating. Those who have worked for others enjoy the opportunity to make decisions and follow projects through to completion. Many report that hard work has never been so enjoyable before. Careful research, investigation, and planning at the outset do not guarantee success, but they provide a good foundation for the new small business and its owner.

Before you begin, the most necessary adviser for you is ______.

A．a retired executive

B．a bank officer

C．a lawyer

D．a professor of economics

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第4题

The task of being accepted and enrolled in a university begins early for some students. Lo

ng【C1】______ they graduate from high school . These students take special【C2】______ to prepare for advanced study. They may also take one or more examinations that test how【C3】______ prepared they are for the university. In the final year of high school, they【C4】______ applications and send them, with their student records, to the universities which they hope to【C5】______ . Some high school students may be【C6】______ to have an interview with representatives of the university. Neatly【C7】______ and usually very brightened, they are【C8】______ to show that they have a good attitude and the【C9】______ to succeed.

When the new students are finally【C10】______ ,there may be one more step they have to【C11】______ before registering for classes and【C12】______ to work. Many colleges and universities【C13】______ an orientation program for new students.【C14】______ these programs, the young people get to know the【C15】______ for registration and student advising, university rules, the【C16】______ of the library and all the other【C17】______ services of the college or university.

Beginning a new life in a new place can be very【C18】______ . The more knowledge students have 【C19】______ the school, the easier it will be for them to【C20】______ to the new environment. However, it takes time to get used to college life.

【C1】

A．as

B．after

C．since

D．before

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第5题

Living in a second culture can be like riding on a roller coaster. Sometimes foreign visit

ors are elated; sometimes they are depressed. First there is the combination of enthusiasm and excitement that is felt while travelling. New foods and aromas, different faces, foreign language, and interesting customs all fascinate the traveller. A foreign visitor usually has high expectations and is eager to become familiar with a new culture.

Of course, international travellers may have difficulties in understanding the adjustment problems that trouble them. Many people do not recognize that the problems, feelings, and mood changes that are related to living in a second culture are not unique. It is common for international visitors or immigrants to vacillate(摇摆) between loving and hating a new country. The newness and strangeness of a foreign cul ture are bound to affect a traveller's emotions.'

"Culture shock" occurs as a result of total immersion(沉浸) in a new culture. It happens to "peo ple who have been suddenly transplanted abroad". Newcomers may be anxious because they do not speak the language, know the customs, or understand people's behavior. in daily life. The visitor finds that "yes" may not always mean "yes", or that statements that appear to be serious are really intended as jokes. The notion of "culture shock" helps explain feelings of bewilderment and disorientation (不辨方向 ).Language problems do not account for all the frustrations(挫折) that people feel. When one is deprived of everything that was once familiar, such as understanding a transportation system, knowing how to register for university classes, or knowing bow to make friends, difficulties in coping with new society may arise.

The word "elated" (Para. 1, Line 2) means ______.

A．high-spirited

B．low-spirited

C．curious

D．impressed

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第6题

根据下面材料，回答{TSE}题. {TS}The main problem people may encounter today arises from the

根据下面材料，回答{TSE}题.{TS}The main problem people may encounter today arises from the fact that

A. they have to learn new things consciously.

B. they lack the confidence of securing reliable and trustworthy information.

C. they have difficulty obtaining the needed information readily.

D. they can hardly carry out casual communications with an extended family.

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第7题

Losing a job or not being able to find one almost always brings unwelcome changes. If you'

ve lost a job, the first feeling is often one of shock. On top of the loss of income, many people find the whole routine of their life is shattered, their contact with other people reduced, their ambitions halted and their identity as a worker removed.

There may be good feelings too -- it's nice to be able to lie in bed in the morning, to spend more time with children, or to have more time to think -- a better job may be just around the comer. But, unless a better job does turn up, chances are the days start getting longer and the time becomes harder to fill. Many people pass through periods of difficulty in sleeping and eating. They feel irritable and depressed, often isolated and lonely.

Despite all these problems, unemployment can be a chance for a fresh start. You can discover that it provides an opportunity to sort out or rethink what you want from life and how best you can get it. You can use the time to plan how to find a new job, learn a new skill, develop your hobbies, see if you can run your own business, do some voluntary work in your community or meet new people. It's up to you.

Unemployment almost always brings changes that are ______.

A．unpleasant

B．unsuitable

C．untenable

D．unworthy

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第8题

People often speak of fire as though it were a living creature--It grows, dances, needs ox

ygen, feeds on whatever it can find, and then dies. And when a forest fire rages out of control, threatening human lives and homes, it must be fought like a "wild animal." The fight is often desperate, since firefighters' best efforts may be dwarfed by the fury of a large fire. But the fire's own traits can be used against it.

The heated air above a fire rises in a pillar of smoke and burnt gases, pulling fresh air in from the sides to replace it. Firefighters use this fact when they "fight fire with fire." They start a fire well in front of the one which they are fighting. Instead of traveling on in front of the huge fire, the smaller fire is pulled back toward it by the updrafts of the larger blaze. As it travels back to meet the large fire, the smaller backfire burns away the fuel that the forest fire needs to survive.

Even when a backfire has been well set, however, the fire may still win the struggle. The wind which the firefighters used to help them may now become their enemy. When the backfire meets the main fire, before both die for lack of fuel, there is tremendous flame, great heat and wild winds. A strong gust may blow the fire into the treetops beyond the area, giving the fire new fuel and a new life.

This passage focuses on ______.

A．how fires start

B．damage caused by fire

C．the fascination of fire

D．fighting forest fires

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第9题

The mass media is a big part of our culture, yet it can also be a helper, adviser and teac

her to our young generation. The mass media affects the lives of our young by acting as a (an)【1】for a number of institutions and social contacts. In this way, it【2】a variety of functions in human life.

The time spent in front of the television screen is usually at the【3】of leisure: there is less time for games, amusement and rest.【4】by what is happening on the screen, children not only imitate what they see but directly【5】themselves with different characters. Americans have been concerned about the【6】of violence in the media and its【7】harm to children and adolescents for at least forty years. During this period, new media【8】, such as video games, cable television, music videos, and the Internet. As they continue to gain popularity, these media,【9】television,【10】public concern and research attention.

Another large societal concern on our young generation【11】by the media, is body image.【12】forces can influence body image positively or negatively.【13】one, societaland cultural norms and mass media marketing【14】our concepts of beauty. In the mass media, the images of【15】beauty fill magazines and newspapers,【16】from our televisions and entertain us【17】the movies. Even in advertising, the mass media【18】on accepted cultural values of thinness and fitness for commercial gain. Young adults are presented with a【19】 defined standard of attractiveness, a(n)【20】that carries unrealistic physical expectations.

(1)

A．alternative

B．preference

C．substitute

D．representative

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第10题

Composers today use a wider variety of sounds than ever before, including many that wer

Composers today use a wider variety of sounds than ever before, including many

that were once considered undesirable noises. Composer Edgard Varese (1883-1965)

called thus the "liberation of sound...the right to make music with any and all sounds."

Electronic music, for example―made with the aid of computers, synthesizers, and

(5) electronic instruments―may include sounds that in the past would not have been

consdered musical Environmental sounds, such as thunder, and electronically generated

hisses and blips can be recorded, manipulated, and then incorporated into a musical

composition. But composers also draw novel sounds from voices and nonelectronic

instruments. Singers may be asked to scream, laugh, groan, sneeze, or to sing phonetic

(10) sounds rather than words. Wind and string players may lap or scrape their instruments.

A brass or woodwind player may hum while playing, to produce two pitches at once; a

pianist may reach inside the piano to pluck a string and then run a metal blade along it. In

the music of the Western world, the greatest expansion and experimentation have involved

percussion instruments, which outnumber strings and winds in many recent compositions.

(15) Traditional percussion instruments are struck with new types of beaters; and instruments

that used to be couriered unconvennonal in Western music―tom-toms, bongos,

slapsticks, maracas―are widelv used.

In the search for novel sounds, increased use has been made in Western music of

Microtones. Non-Western music typically divides and interval between two pitches more

(20) finely than Western music does, thereby producing a greter number of distinct tones,

or micro tones, within the same interval. Composers such as Krzysztof Pmderecki create

sound that borders on electronic noise through tone clusters―closely spaced tones played

together and heard as a mass, block, or band of sound. The directional aspect of sound has

taken on new importance as well Loudspeakers or groups of instruments may be placed

(25) at opposite ends of the stage, in the balcony, or at the back and sides of the auditorium.

Because standard music notation makes no provision for many of these innovations,

recent music scores may contain graphlike diagrams, new note shapes and symbols, and

novel ways of arranging notation on the page.

What does the passage mainly discuss？

A．The use of nontraditional sounds in contemporary music

B．How sounds are produced electronically

C．How standard musical notation has beer, adapted for nontraditional sounds

D．Several composers who have experimented with the electronic production of sound

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